Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Sodium sulphate anhydrous: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 5989 mg/kg [Mouse].

3: Hazards Identification

Potential Acute Health Effects:

Hazardous in case of eye contact (irritant). Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.

Potential Chronic Health Effects:

CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.

MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.

TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.

DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. Repeated or prolonged exposure is not known to aggravate medical condition.

4: First Aid Measures

Eye Contact:

Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention.

Skin Contact:

Wash with soap and water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Get medical attention if irritation develops. Cold water may be used.

Serious Skin Contact: Not available.

Inhalation:

If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention.

Serious Inhalation: Not available.

Ingestion:

Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention if symptoms appear.

Serious Ingestion: Not available.

5: Fire and Explosion Data

Flammability of the Product:                                       Non-flammable.

Auto-Ignition Temperature:                                        Not applicable.

Flash Points:                                                                       Not applicable.

Flammable Limits:                                                            Not applicable.

Products of Combustion:                                              Not available.

Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Not applicable.

Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:

Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available.

Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available.

Fire Fighting Media and Instructions:                       Not applicable.

Special Remarks on Fire Hazards:                              Not available.

Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: At a temperature of 800 C, sodium sulphate and aluminium will explode.

6: Accidental Release Measures

Small Spill:

Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water on the contaminated surface and dispose of according to local and regional authority requirements.

Large Spill:

Use a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water on the contaminated surface and allow to evacuate through the sanitary system.

7: Handling and Storage

Precautions:

Do not ingest. Do not breathe dust. Avoid contact with eyes. Wear suitable protective clothing. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, metals.

Storage: Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Hygroscopic

8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Engineering Controls:

Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to airborne contaminants below the exposure limit.

Personal Protection:

Splash goggles. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves.

Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:

Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self-contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product.

Exposure Limits: Not available.

9: Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical state and appearance:                                  Solid. (Crystals solid. Crystalline powder. Granular solid. Powdered solid.)

odour:                                                                                   Odourless.

Taste:                                                                                    Bitter. Saline.

Molecular Weight:                                                           142.06 g/mole

Colour:                                                                                 White.

pH (1% soln/water):                                                        Not available.

Boiling Point:                                                                     1100°C (2012°F)

Melting Point:                                                                    888°C (1630.4°F)

Critical Temperature:                                                     Not available.

Specific Gravity:                                                                2.671 (Water = 1)

Vapor Pressure:                                                                Not applicable.

Vapor Density:                                                                   Not available.

Volatility:                                                                             Not available.

odour Threshold:                                                              Not available.

Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.:                                                   Not available.

Iconicity (in Water):                                                         Not available.

Dispersion Properties:                                                    See solubility in water.

Solubility:                                                                            Soluble in cold water, hydrogen iodide, and glycerol. Insoluble in alcohol.

 10: Stability and Reactivity Data

Stability:                                                                               The product is stable.

Instability Temperature:                                               Not available.

Conditions of Instability:                                               Excess dust generation, incompatible materials

Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents, metals.

Corrosivity:                                                                         Non-corrosive in presence of glass.

Special Remarks on Reactivity:

Hygroscopic. Sodium sulphate reacts violently with magnesium. Also incompatible with aluminium, potassium, mercury, lead, calcium, silver, barium, ammonium ions, and strontium. Sulphates give precipitates with salts of lead, barium, strontium, and calcium. Silver and mercury form slightly soluble salts. Alcohol precipitates most sulphates out of solution.

Special Remarks on Corrosivity:

The rates of corrosion of iron and steel in water are a function of the specific mineral quality as well as the alkalinity and pH values. Sodium sulphate … is a strong contributor to the rate of corrosion. For example, in water with 400 mg/l of alkalinity (as CaCO3) at pH 7, the corrosion rate will be zero at 200 mg/l of Na2SO4, but when the concentration of sodium sulphate is 400 mg/l, the corrosion rate will be about 100 mg per square cm per day.

Polymerization:                                                                 Will not occur.

11: Toxicological Information

Routes of Entry: Inhalation. Ingestion.

Toxicity to Animals: Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 5989 mg/kg [Mouse].

Chronic Effects on Humans: Not available.

Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.

Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available.

Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans:

May cause adverse reproductive effects (fetotoxicity) based on animal studies. Human human data found May cause cancer (tumorigenic) based on animal studies. No human data found. Placental absorption of sulphate ion has been characterized.

Sulphate ion levels at term are somewhat higher in fetal than in maternal blood.

Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans:

Acute Potential Health Effects:

Skin: May cause irritation, although it is not known to be an irritant.

Eyes: May cause eye irritation.

Ingestion: Saline cathartics (laxatives) are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; hence, systemic toxicity is unlikely unless massive amounts have been ingested. Ingestion of large amounts may cause gastrointestinal (digestive) tract irritation with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Low hazard for usual industrial handling.

Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. Low hazard for usual industrial handling.

12: Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Not available.

BOD5 and COD: Not available.

Products of Biodegradation:

Possibly hazardous short-term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise.

Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic.

Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available.

13: Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal:

Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control regulations.

14: Transport Information

DOT Classification: Not a DOT controlled material (United States).

Identification: Not applicable.

Special Provisions for Transport: Not applicable.

15: Other Regulatory Information

Other Regulations: EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial

Protective Equipment:

Gloves. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Splash goggles.

16: Other Information

References: Not available.

Other Special Considerations: Not available

EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY

All information and instructions provided in this Material Safety Data Sheet in respect of the substance is given solely in terms of the provisions of the Occupational Health and Safety Act No 85 of 1993

and Regulations (“the Act”), is based on scientific and technical knowledge as at the date indicated on this MS Material Safety Data Sheet and is presented in good faith to be correct.

The information and instructions provided in this MSDS apply only to the substance in its present form and not to any formulation or mix, in which event it is the sole responsibility of the user of the substance as formulated and/or mixed to investigate and establish any danger which may arise out of its use, wherever such user may be situated.

It is the sole responsibility of the person in receipt of this Material Safety Data Sheet wherever such recipient may be situated, to ensure that the information provided is communicated to and understood by any person who may come in contact with the substance in any place and in any manner whatsoever. If such recipient produces formulations or mixes using the substance, then it is such recipient’s sole responsibility to comply with the provisions of the Act in respect of the provision of the necessary Material Safety Data Sheet, or to comply with any other applicable legislation.