Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Ethylene glycol: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 4700 mg/kg [Rat]. 5500 mg/kg [Mouse]. 6610 mg/

kg [Guinea pig]. VAPOR (LC50): Acute: >200 mg/m 4 hours [Rat].

3: Hazards Identification

Potential Acute Health Effects:

Hazardous in case of ingestion. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of eye contact (irritant), of inhalation. Severe over-exposure can result in death.

Potential Chronic Health Effects:

CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH.

MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Non-mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast.

TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.

DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance may be toxic to kidneys, liver, central nervous system (CNS).

Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Repeated exposure to a highly toxic material may produce general deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs.

4: First Aid Measures

Eye Contact:

Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention if irritation occurs.

Skin Contact:

Wash with soap and water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Get medical attention if irritation develops. Cold water may be used.

Serious Skin Contact: Not available.

Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately.

Serious Inhalation: Not available.

Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. If large quantities of this material are swallowed, call a physician immediately. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.

Serious Ingestion:

Medical Conditions Aggravated by Exposure: Persons with pre-existing kidney, respiratory, eye, or neurological problems might be more sensitive to Ethylene Glycol.

Notes to Physician: 1. Support vital functions, correct for dehydration and shock, and manage fluid balance.

2. The currently recommended medical management of Ethylene Glycol poisoning includes elimination of Ethylene Glycol and metabolites. Elimination of Ethylene Glycol may be achieved by the following methods:
3. Emptying the stomach by gastric lavage. It is useful if initiated within < 1 of ingestion.
4. Correct metabolic acidosis with intravenous administration of sodium bicarbonate, adjusting the administration rate according to repeated and frequent measurement of acid/base status.
5. Administer ethanol (orally or by IV (intravenously)) or fomepizole (4-methylpyrazole or Antizol)) therapy by IV as an antidote to inhibit the formation of toxic metabolites.
6. If patients are diagnosed and treated early in the course with the above methods, haemodialysis may be avoided if fomepizole or ethanol therapy is effective and has corrected the metabolic acidosis, and no renal failure is present. However, once severe acidosis and renal failure occurred,

however, haemodialysis is necessary. It is effective in removing Ethylene Glycol and toxic metabolites and correcting metabolic acidosis.

5: Fire and Explosion Data

Flammability of the Product:                                                       May be combustible at high temperature.

Auto-Ignition Temperature:                                                        398°C (748.4°F)

Flash Points:                                                                                       CLOSED CUP: 111°C (231.8°F). (Tagliabue.)

Flammable Limits:                                                                            LOWER: 3.2%

Products of Combustion:                                                              These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2).

Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:

Slightly flammable to flammable in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat. Non-flammable in presence of shocks.

Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:

Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available.

Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available.

Fire Fighting Media and Instructions:                                       SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam. Do not use water jet.

Special Remarks on Fire Hazards:                                              Not available.

Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards:                                   Explosive decomposition may occur if combined with strong acids or strong bases and subjected to elevated temperatures.

6: Accidental Release Measures

Small Spill:

Dilute with water and mop up or absorb with an inert dry material and place in an appropriate waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water on the contaminated surface and dispose of according to local and regional authority requirements.

Large Spill:

Stop leak if without risk. Do not get water inside container. Do not touch spilled material. Use water spray to reduce vapours. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Eliminate all ignition sources. Call for assistance on disposal. Finish cleaning by spreading water on the contaminated surface and allow to evacuate through the sanitary system. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local

authorities.

7: Handling and Storage

Precautions:

Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Empty containers pose a fire risk, evaporate the residue under a fume hood. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Wear suitable protective clothing. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis.

Storage: Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Hygroscopic

8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Engineering Controls:

Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapours below their respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the work-station location.

Personal Protection:

Safety glasses. Synthetic apron. Gloves (impervious). For most conditions, no respiratory protection should be needed. However, if material is heated or sprayed and if atmospheric levels exceed exposure guidelines, use an approved vapor (air purifying) respirator.

Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:

Splash goggles. Full suit. Boots. Gloves. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product.

Exposure Limits:

STEL: 120 (mg/m3) [Australia] TWA: 100 (mg/m3) from ACGIH (TLV) [United States] CEIL: 125 (mg/m3) from OSHA (PEL)

[United States] CEIL: 50 (ppm) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] TWA: 52 STEL: 104 (mg/m3) [United Kingdom (UK)]

Inhalation TWA: 10 (mg/m3) [United Kingdom (UK)] SKIN3 Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits.

9: Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical state and appearance:                                                  Liquid. (syrupy)

odour:                                                                                                   Odourless.

Taste:                                                                                                    Mild sweet

Molecular Weight:                                                                           62.07 g/mole

Colour: Clear Colourless.

pH (1% soln/water):                                                                        Not available.

Boiling Point:                                                                                     197.6°C (387.7°F)

Melting Point:                                                                                    -13°C (8.6°F)

Critical Temperature:                                                                     Not available.

Specific Gravity:                                                                                1.1088 (Water = 1)

Vapor Pressure:                                                                06 mmHg @ 20 C; .092 mmHg at 25 C

Vapor Density:                                                                                   2.14 (Air = 1)

Volatility:                                                                                             Not available.

odour Threshold:                                                                              Not available.

Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.:                                                                   The product is more soluble in water; log(oil/water) = -1.4

Iconicity (in Water):                                                                        Not available.

Dispersion Properties:                                                                    See solubility in water, acetone.

Solubility:                                                                                            Soluble in cold water, hot water, acetone. Slightly soluble in diethyl ether. Miscible with lower aliphatic alcohols, glycerol, acetic acid, acetone and similar ketones, aldehydes, pyridine, similar coal tar bases. Practically insoluble in benzene and its homologs, chlorinated hydrocarbons, petroleum ether.

10: Stability and Reactivity Data

Stability:                                                                                               The product is stable.

Instability Temperature:                                                               Not available.

Conditions of Instability:                                                               Excess heat, incompatible materials.

Incompatibility with various substances:                                Reactive with oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis.

Corrosivity:                                                                                         Non-corrosive in presence of glass.

Special Remarks on Reactivity:                                                   Hygroscopic. Absorbs moisture from the air. Avoid contamination with materials with hydroxyl compounds. Also incompatible with aliphatic amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, and oleum

Special Remarks on Corrosivity:                                                  Not available.

Polymerization:                                                                                 Will not occur.

11: Toxicological Information

Routes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Ingestion.

Toxicity to Animals:

Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 4700 mg/kg [Rat]. Acute toxicity of the vapor (LC50): >200 mg/m3 4 hours [Rat].

Chronic Effects on Humans:

CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH.

MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Non-mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast. May cause damage to the following organs: kidneys, liver,

central nervous system (CNS).

Other Toxic Effects on Humans:

Hazardous in case of ingestion. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of inhalation.

Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals:

Lowest Published Toxic Dose/Conc: TDL [Man] – Route: oral; Dose: 15gm/kg Lethal Dose/Conc 50% Kill LD50 [Rabbit] –

Route: dermal; Dose: 9530 ul/kg

Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans:

May cause adverse reproductive effects and birth defects (teratogenic) based on animal test data. No human data has been

reported at this time. May affect genetic material (mutagenic)

Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans:

Acute Potential Health Effects:

Skin: May cause skin irritation. May cause more severe response if skin is abraded. A single

prolonged exposure is not likely to result in material being absorbed through skin in harmful amounts. Massive contact with damaged skin may result in absorption of potentially harmful amounts.

Eyes: Vapors or mist may cause temporary eye irritation (mild temporary conjunctival inflammation) and lacrimation. Corneal injury is unlikely or insignificant.

Ingestion: It is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Oral toxicity is expected to be moderate in humans due to Ethylene Glycol even though tests with animals show a lower degree of toxicity. Excessive exposure (swallowing large amounts) may cause gastrointestinal tract irritation with nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea. It can affect behaviour/central nervous system within 0.5 to 12 hours after ingestion. A transient inebriation with excitement, stupor, headache, slurred speech, ataxia, somnolence, and euphoria, like ethanol intoxication, can occur within the first several hours. As the Ethylene Glycol is metabolized, metabolic acidosis and further central nervous system depression (convulsions, muscle weakness) develop. Serious intoxication may develop to coma associated with hypotonia, hyporeflexia, and less commonly seizures, and meningismus. 12 to 24 hours

12: Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity:

Ecotoxicity in water (LC50): 41000 mg/l 96 hours [Fish (Trout)]. 46300 mg/l 48 hours [water flea]. 34250 mg/l 96 hours [Fish

(bluegill fish)]. 34250 mg/l 72 hours [Fish (Goldfish)].

BOD5 and COD: Not available.

Products of Biodegradation:

Possibly hazardous short-term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise.

Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The products of degradation are less toxic than the product itself.

Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available.

13: Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal:

Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control regulations.

14: Transport Information

DOT Classification: Not a DOT controlled material (United States).

Identification: Not applicable.

Special Provisions for Transport: Not applicable.

15: Other Regulatory Information

Other Regulations:

OSHA: Hazardous of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200). EINECS: This product is on the

European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances.

Protective Equipment:

Gloves. Lab coat. Not applicable. Safety glasses.

16: Other Information

References: Not available.

Other Special Considerations: Not available

EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY

All information and instructions provided in this Material Safety Data Sheet in respect of the substance is given solely in terms of the provisions of the Occupational Health and Safety Act No 85 of 1993

and Regulations (“the Act”), is based on scientific and technical knowledge as at the date indicated on this MS Material Safety Data Sheet and is presented in good faith to be correct.

The information and instructions provided in this MSDS apply only to the substance in its present form and not to any formulation or mix, in which event it is the sole responsibility of the user of the substance as formulated and/or mixed to investigate and establish any danger which may arise out of its use, wherever such user may be situated.

It is the sole responsibility of the person in receipt of this Material Safety Data Sheet wherever such recipient may be situated, to ensure that the information provided is communicated to and understood by any person who may come in contact with the substance in any place and in any manner whatsoever. If such recipient produces formulations or mixes using the substance, then it is such recipient’s sole responsibility to comply with the provisions of the Act in respect of the provision of the necessary Material Safety Data Sheet, or to comply with any other applicable legislation.